Ram Jethmalani, born in 1923 in Shikarpur, Sindh (now Pakistan), was one of India’s most celebrated and highly paid lawyers. Known for his sharp legal skills and outspoken nature, Jethmalani took on some of India’s toughest cases, shaping the legal and political landscape for over 70 years. His legacy is a testament to his courage, dedication, and fierce pursuit of justice.
Source: Bar and Bench
Key Facts About Ram Jethmalani
| Attribute | Details |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Ram Boolchand Jethmalani |
| Born | September 14, 1923, Shikarpur, Sindh |
| Died | September 8, 2019, New Delhi |
| Profession | Lawyer, Politician |
| Education | LL.B from Bombay University at 17 |
| Notable Cases | Jessica Lal murder case, Harshad Mehta scam, Indira Gandhi assassination defense |
| Political Affiliation | BJP; also served as an Independent |
| Key Offices | Union Minister of Law, MP |
| Books | Big Egos, Small Men, Conscience of a Maverick, Maverick: Unchanged, Unrepentant |
Early Life and Education
Jethmalani was born into a family that valued education and community service. Growing up during India’s independence movement, he was inspired by leaders like Mahatma Gandhi and Muhammad Ali Jinnah. Determined to make a difference, he completed his law degree at Bombay University at just 17—a remarkable achievement that set the stage for his trailblazing career.
A Young Advocate Who Defied the Odds
Upon completing his degree, Jethmalani faced a hurdle: advocates had to be at least 21 to practice law. Refusing to wait, he requested a special hearing from the Chief Justice of the Karachi High Court, who, impressed by Jethmalani’s determination, advocated for a rule change. This allowed Jethmalani to begin practicing law at just 18, making him the youngest to do so in India.
Personal Life and Family
Jethmalani married twice. His first wife, Durga, bore four children: Rani, Shobha, Mahesh, and Janak. Later, he married Ratna Shahani, a lawyer. His son, Mahesh Jethmalani, followed in his footsteps, becoming a prominent lawyer himself.
Personal Interests
Jethmalani loved reading and writing, often sharing his views on law, politics, and social issues. Known for his powerful speeches, he was a popular speaker at events. He was also passionate about education reform, advocating for critical thinking and legal education.
Notable Cases of Ram Jethmalani
Jethmalani handled several high-profile cases that shaped public perception of law in India. Here are some of the most notable:
- K.M. Nanavati vs. State of Maharashtra
Representing naval officer Nanavati, accused of murder, Jethmalani brought out legal complexities in one of India’s last jury trials. Though Nanavati was convicted, he was later pardoned due to public support. - Harshad Mehta and Ketan Parekh Scandals
In defending these stock market traders accused of price manipulation, Jethmalani showcased his understanding of complex financial laws. - Indira Gandhi Assassination Case
Defending the assassins of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi amid heightened political tension, he demonstrated his belief in the right to a fair trial. - Jessica Lal Murder Case
Representing Manu Sharma, initially acquitted in this high-profile case, Jethmalani faced intense public scrutiny, ultimately leading to Sharma’s conviction in a retrial. - L.K. Advani and the Hawala Scandal
Defending L.K. Advani in a major political scandal, Jethmalani helped secure Advani’s acquittal. - Rajiv Gandhi Assassination Case
Representing the accused, Jethmalani managed a high-stakes case with far-reaching consequences.
Major Fees and Earnings
Jethmalani was known for his high fees, often charging over ₹25 lakh per hearing and up to ₹1 crore for high-profile cases. However, he occasionally charged less depending on the client and case context. Here are a few notable examples:
- Jessica Lal Case: Approx. ₹1 crore
- Political Defense Cases (L.K. Advani): Over ₹1 crore
Beyond legal fees, Jethmalani earned from lectures and public appearances, adding to his financial success.
Wealth and Investments
By 2014, Jethmalani had amassed significant wealth:
- Liquid Assets: ₹59.6 crores, including cash and bank deposits
- Investments: ₹21 crores in shares
- Real Estate: Properties in Gurugram and Mumbai valued at over ₹5 crores
- Vehicles: Mercedes and Honda City, worth around ₹26 lakh
Political Career
Jethmalani’s political journey showcased his commitment to justice and reform. He served multiple terms in the Rajya Sabha and represented Mumbai in the Lok Sabha. As Union Law Minister, he was outspoken and pushed for reforms, though his term was cut short due to political tensions.
Critiques and Controversies
- Controversial Clients: Jethmalani often defended high-profile and controversial clients, drawing mixed responses from the public.
- Judicial Criticism: His outspoken nature led to conflicts with judiciary members, resulting in contempt allegations.
- Public Feuds: Known for his feud with former PM Atal Bihari Vajpayee, Jethmalani’s disagreements often attracted media attention.
- Comments on Religion: He sparked controversy with his comments on cultural texts like the Ramayana.
Books by Ram Jethmalani
Jethmalani authored several books, sharing his bold perspectives on law, society, and politics:
- Big Egos, Small Men: A critique of political personalities and their societal impact.
- Conscience of a Maverick: Essays on justice, society, and law.
- Maverick: Unchanged, Unrepentant: His autobiography, detailing his journey in law and politics.
Philosophies and Beliefs
Jethmalani’s beliefs shaped his legal career and legacy:
- Justice as the Goal: For Jethmalani, law was a means to serve justice, not just rules.
- Right to Defense: He firmly believed everyone deserved representation, regardless of public opinion.
- Judicial Efficiency: He advocated for timely justice and called for reducing case backlogs.
- Transparency: Jethmalani urged for accountability and transparency in governance and the judiciary.
Jethmalani’s career was marked by bold legal strategies, high-profile cases, and a relentless pursuit of justice. Known for taking on cases that others might avoid, his legacy endures as a testament to his commitment to law, reform, and education.
